Peppermint is quite frequently contaminated with spearmint and. Mentha royleana linn medicinal uses medicinal plants. Other mints are crisped scotch mint or bergamot mint mentha x gracilis crispa which possesses a delightful lemon flavor and should not be confused. The essential oil and leaf preparations have many uses, chief among them relieving stomach ailments, headaches, and cold and flu symptoms. According to legend, when persephone found out that pluto was in love with the beautiful nymph minthe, she became so jealous that she changed minthe into a small plant. The following databases may contain further information on this name. Based on article 10a of directive 200183ec wellestablished use.
One should not drive a vehicle if using the medicine makes you drowsy, dizzy or lowers your bloodpressure extensively. Box 3000, fin90014 university of oulu, finland 2005 oulu, finland abstract peppermint mentha x piperita l. The herbal substance consists of whole or cut dried leaf of mentha x piperita l. Mentha x piperita vulgaris is a perennial growing to 0. Other major constituents of the essential oil, according to various studies5, include piperitenone and its oxide, piperitone and its oxide and pulegone. Mentha piperita was assessed using the agar well diffusion method by measuring the diameter of growth inhibition zones and its subsequent concentration was tabulated table. Johns wort hypericum perforatum herbleafflower depression 86 turkey rhubarb rheum palmatum root aperient 87 uvaursi arctostaphylos uva ursi leaves urinary. Peppermint is a hybrid plant, a cross between watermint mentha aquatica and spearmint mentha spicata. Peppermint is a cross between spearmint and watermint, mentha aquatica. Egyptian mint mentha x niliaca is lanky 34 with large, pale green fuzzy leaves and tolerates full sun. Modulatory effects of mentha piperita on lung tumor incidence, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress in benzoapyrenetreated swiss albino mice.
Article pdf available in international research journal of pharmacy 28. An updated overview on peppermint mentha piperita l. Pluto couldnt break this spell, but he did make it a bit better making the plant have a sweet smell when trad upon. It undoubtedly possesses marked antiseptic properties. The conclusion also contains a statement indicating that the concentration of pulegone in these ingredients should not exceed 1%. The production of peppermint oil by distillation of the cultivated herb is an extensive industry. Mentha longifolia thus approaches spearmint mentha spicata rather than peppermint m.
If you experience drowsiness, dizziness, hypotension or a headache as sideeffects when using mentha piperita medicine then it may not be safe to drive a vehicle or operate heavy machinery. Medicinal and aromatic plants industrial pro files. Extract of the leaves of the peppermint, mentha piperita functions. This is 23x the size of most essential oil bottles. This industry is described in the following publication. Peppermint herb uses, side effects and health benefits. Mentha x piperita officinalis white peppermint pfaf plant. Similar to our result, the biological activity of mentha piperita against the pathogenic bacteria were reported by deans and baratta, 1998.
It has long been a part of both the cuisine and medicine all. Peppermint probably emerged spontaneously towards the end of the 17th century from the cross between water mint mentha aquatica l. Amended safety assessment of mentha piperita peppermint. Here we will focus on spearmint, mentah spicata, and peppermint, mentha x piperita,1 the most frequently cultivated varietals. Peppermint leaf, mentha piperita top quality herbs. Informing guests about the historical uses of medicinal. Name of the medicinal product to be specified for the individual finished product. Anticandida activity of brazilian medicinal plants. The yield and essential oil content of mint mentha ssp. Protective effects of bioactive phytochemicals from mentha. Mentha piperita, peppermint, peppermint oil, menthol, medicine. Another study documents the relaxation of the muscles around the border from. Emea 2007 210 community herbal monograph on mentha x piperita l.
However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Mentha x piperita officinalis is a perennial growing to 0. Medicinal uses peppermint oil vapour is used as an inhalant for respiratory congestion. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Pharmacists also advise patients not to drink alcohol with medicines as alcohol.
Qualitative and quantitative composition1, 2 wellestablished use. Aflatuni, abbas, the yield and essential oil content of mint mentha ssp. Peppermint is found growing wild in the moist soils of the warmer parts of europe, asia, and america. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. The purple, lilac or, less usually, pink or white flowerheads occur in midsummer to autumn on axillary whorls in.
Peppermint, mint, menthol distribution and habitat. Mentha longifolia is an herb with a wide range of pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, gastrointestinal, and nervous system effects. The peppermint oil can cause heartburn or perianal irritation, and is contraindicated in patients with bile duct obstruction, gallbladder inflammation and severe liver damage, and caution should be taken in patients with gi reflux. Peppermint oil has the most uses, and use data on the oil are. Mentha is a genus of plants in the family lamiaceae mint family.
The herb, both in the recent and in the dried state, has a peculiar, penetrating, grateful odor. It is used topically as an analgesic and to treat headaches. Mentha x piperita vulgaris black peppermint pfaf plant. It has several vernacular names in different cultures, such as vilayati pudina in ayurveda, kara nane, izma. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis has shown that the main compounds within essential oil of m. All the mentha species predominantly occur in damp or wet habitats ditches, watermeadows etc. Mint mentha spicata has been enjoyed for centuries for its wonderful aroma, great taste and amazing healing power. The name minthe was changed to mentha and is now the genus of the herb mint. It has traditionally been used to treat a variety of digestive complaints such as colic in infants, flatulence, diarrhoea, indigestion, nausea. This wonder herb does more than just emit good aroma. Peppermint or mint, in one variety or another, can be found in virtually every corner of the globe, and although there can be significant differences in their medicinal effects and uses, in general, their medicinal usage and effects tend to be pretty similar. The leaves have very short petioles, are opposed, ovatelanceolate from a wedge shape to an almost heartshaped base. Pdf an updated overview on peppermint mentha piperita l. Due to their speedy growth, one plant of each desired mint, along with a little care, will provide more than enough mint for home use.
Peppermint oil has a high concentration of natural pesticides, mainly pulegone found mainly in mentha arvensis var. Medicinal products hmpc community herbal monographs wellestablished medicinal use traditional use mentha x piperita l. It is known to repel some pest insects, including mosquitos, and has uses in organic gardening. Most are perennial and vary in height from 46 cm m. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties.
Labiatae lamiaceae useful information about the plant. Used in the treatment of gastrodynia, flatulent colic, hysteria, spasms or cramps of the stomach, to allay the griping of cathartics, to check nausea and vomiting, and to disguise the. Mentha piperita essential oil was bactericidal in order of e. The therapeutic value of peppermint has its roots in herbal use from the beginning of mans first association wi. The most important commercial essential oilpro ducing species is peppermint mentha. Peppermint is a powerful diffusive stimulant, antispasmodic, carminative, stomachic, and weak anodyne. Please click on any button to follow a link to that database. Peppermint, mentha x piperita american botanical council. Lipid peroxidation inhibition was comparable to bht and bha. It has been proven helpful in symptomatic relief of the common cold. Hybridization occurs naturally where some species range overlap.
Mentha x piperita is a lowgrowing, perennial aromatic in the mint family lamiaceae and is thought to be native to the mediterranean region. Based on that, we used the three different solvent extracts of leaves of mentha piperita showed activity. Peppermint tea is used to treat coughs, bronchitis, and inflammation of the oral mucosa and throat. A 127% hike was noted in serum ferricreducing antioxidant power. Of the eighteen species and hundreds of varieties and cultivars of the genus mentha, two stand out because of their medicinal uses. Kundnani college of pharmacy, worli, mumbai 18 1research centre, ajanta pharma ltd. Mentha is also found in the essential oils of other members of the mint family mentha spp. The wild form of the plant is not suitable for this purpose, the cultivated plant containing more and better oil. Lavender has been used, for its calming effect, to treat anxiety, insomnia, upset stomach, and as an antiseptic in the past. Chemical composition and biological activities of mentha species. Production and use of medicinal and spice plants 19951998 and.